Cardiopulmonary Exam Skills Practice Test

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• Which abnormal BP response during exercise is characterized by SBP not rising adequately and may indicate underlying heart disease?
• During low-level intensity exercise, how much should the heart rate increase from rest?
• Which finding would most strongly indicate pneumonia rather than a pleural effusion?
• During paradoxical breathing, which occurs to the chest during inspiration?
• Which breathing pattern is a fast rate with shallow depth?
• What is the normal inspiratory time relative to expiratory time?
• How is edema graded and documented?
• How can you differentiate COPD from asthma on spirometry results?
• Which breathing pattern involves inward motion of the abdomen with expansion of the rib cage on inspiration?
• Which statement describes the systolic murmur grading scale from faint to very loud?
• Is the apex a common listening location for S3/S4 and murmurs?
• Which breathing pattern is characterized by fast rate, increased depth, and a regular rhythm, with ventilation exceeding metabolic needs?
• Which BP response is commonly seen with beta-blocker therapy, presenting as a smaller than expected BP increase during exercise?
• What is tachypnea inspiratory to expiratory time ratio?
• Decreased arterial CO2 is the result of which type of breathing?
• Which statement best describes how to assess JVP waveform components?
• Which statement correctly describes S3?
• Kerley B lines on chest radiographs are most associated with which condition?
• Which findings are most consistent with pulmonary consolidation?
• Bronchial breath sounds are characterized as what, and when are they heard?
• Which of the following is NOT listed as a basic cause of dyspnea?
• Which sequence correctly describes the order of a focused cardiopulmonary examination?
• What does a carotid bruit indicate?
• What radiographic finding on chest X-ray most supports cardiomegaly?
• What abnormal breath sound is generated in large bronchi with a musical sound with a constant pitch?
• Which statement best describes how to test whispered pectoriloquy?
• Which of the following is a basic cause of dyspnea?
• Which heart sound is considered the hallmark of congestive heart failure?
• Which type of chest pain is described as occurring after exertion, with trunk motions, aggravated by deep inspiration, and focal tenderness?
• Which breathing pattern is a slow rate with shallow or normal depth and regular rhythm?
• Which symptom is most characteristic of a pneumothorax?
• When evaluating the chest, what is the normal relationship between anteroposterior diameter and transverse diameter?
• Which combination of findings is typical for COPD on exam?
• When are crackles heard most?
• What exam finding is most consistent with a pneumothorax?
• Which abnormal BP response is characterized by SBP failing to rise more than 10 mmHg during exercise, often indicating poor LV function?
• Where are bronchiovesicular sounds heard?
• Which heart sound is associated with closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves and onset of ventricular systole?
• Tension pneumothorax commonly presents with which features?
• On examination for pulmonary embolism, the exam is often what?
• Which percussion note would you expect in a pleural effusion?
• In pneumothorax, tactile fremitus is typically:
• The Borg scale is used to quantify which sensation during respiratory assessment?
• Which combination of signs most strongly indicates a pneumothorax requiring immediate attention?
• Which statement differentiates bronchovesicular sounds from bronchial sounds?
• Are inspiration and expiratory sounds equal during bronchovesicular breath sounds?
• In lobar pneumonia, the cough is typically preceded by an earlier, painful, nonproductive cough associated with an upper respiratory infection. What type of cough follows?
• Which breath sound is typically heard more prominently during inspiration?
• What type of cough is associated with a smoking history or infected pharynx?
• What is associated with a productive cough for more than 3 months consecutively and for at least 2 years?
• Which ABG pattern defines respiratory alkalosis?
• Where is a murmur most often heard that indicates a right-sided murmur, such as tricuspid regurgitation?
• In JVP assessment, what is the normal height of the jugular venous pulse above the sternal angle when the patient is at 30 degrees?
• Which term is used when the heart rate response during exercise is lower than expected, indicating chronotropic incompetence?
• Which measurement site is the third location for chest wall motion assessment, alongside the sternal angle and xiphoid process?
• Which oxygen-delivery device provides a precise FiO2?
• What term describes the inability of the heart rate to adequately increase with exercise?
• Which finding is most commonly associated with pneumonia on auscultation?
• Which area is described as being palpated when mentioning 'right middle lobe or lingular segments'?
• The apex beat corresponding to PMI is typically felt as a brief impulse at end expiration with the patient in which position?
• Which normal breath sound is described as soft, low-pitched and heard over the lungs?
• Which region is addressed when palpation notes 'lower lobes'?
• Are higher pitched wheezes associated with tighter or less obstruction?
• Which sign is commonly associated with congestive heart failure on exam?
• What does a loud, harsh systolic murmur at the right upper sternal border most commonly indicate?
• Wheezes are most commonly heard during which phase of respiration?
• Which finding best supports pulmonary consolidation on auscultation?
• Which auscultation area is most associated with aortic systolic murmurs?
• Which clinical signs favor congestive heart failure over pneumonia?
• Which of the following best describes bronchovesicular breath sounds?
• Erb’s point is located at which position?
• Which item is NOT typically included in a focused cardiopulmonary history?
• What is obstructive inspiratory to expiratory time ratio?
• What term denotes a heart rate response where the heart rate does not increase proportionally with increasing exercise intensity?
• What and when are vesicular breath sounds?
• Phonation can be described as the number of words expressed before the next breath.
• If during exercise testing the SBP rises excessively with a DBP increase greater than 10 mmHg, which abnormal BP response is this?
• Which breathing pattern describes dyspnea that occurs when a person is not in an erect posture?
• Which heart sound is the ventricular gallop associated with early rapid filling of the ventricles?
• Which abnormal BP response during exercise is typically associated with beta-blocker therapy, resulting in a reduced BP increase?
• Which combination lists the three anatomical sites used to assess chest wall motion with a tape measure?
• Which statement best characterize vesicular breath sounds?
• Are inspiration and expiratory sounds equal during vesicular breath sounds?
• Which abnormal BP response is defined by SBP not rising with increasing workload and may reflect poor LV function?
• What are crackles associated with?
• How can crackles help differentiate fluid from fibrotic lung disease?
• Which breathing pattern is defined by increased depth of breathing with no usual increase in rate?
• Which of the following is a common sign of respiratory distress to inspect for during the exam?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical sign of pleural effusion on chest examination?
• Which heart sound corresponds to closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves and marks the start of ventricular diastole?
• How is tactile fremitus tested, and what do increased or decreased fremitus indicate?
• Which area is best for auscultating the aortic valve?
• Which statement about bronchial breath sounds is true?
• Which breathing pattern uses nearly closed lips during expiration to maintain positive pressure in the bronchioles and prevent premature collapse of weakened airways?
• What is the normal inspiratory to expiratory time ratio?
• The statement 'Bronchial breath sounds have a pause between inspiration and expiration' is true or false?
• Which statement best defines chronic bronchitis in terms of cough duration?
• Where is the maximal impulse (PMI) normally located?
• Is there a pause between inspiration and expiration during bronchovesicular breath sounds?
• What is the characteristic auscultatory change seen with egophony over an area of consolidation?
• What exam findings are characteristic of congestive heart failure with pulmonary edema?
• Which statement best describes whispered pectoriloquy in the setting of consolidation?
• What is the primary purpose of chest percussion during the physical exam?
• Which oxygen-delivery device is used to deliver high oxygen concentrations at around 10-15 L/min?
• Which statement best describes a normal cardiopulmonary examination?
• Where are bronchial breath sounds heard?
• What is the normal resting adult heart rate range?
• Which patient position is recommended to optimize cardiopulmonary function in distress?
• Where are vesicular breath sounds heard?
• In unilateral loss of lung volume, tracheal deviation occurs toward which option?
• Breathing pattern with normal rate, normal breath, and regular rhythm.
• Which scale is used to measure breathlessness on a scale from 0 to 10?
• Which breathing pattern is defined by absence of ventilation with cessation after expiration?
• What is the normal capillary refill time, and what does a delay suggest?
• Is there a pause between inspiration and expiration in bronchial breath sounds?
• Is there a pause between inspiration and expiration during vesicular breath sounds?
• What is the significance of a low oxygen saturation in a healthy adult at rest?
• What is the recommended approach to a patient with acute dyspnea in the exam setting?
• Blue or purple skin color changes may indicate which condition?
• Which statement correctly describes supplemental oxygen indications and delivery devices?
• Which BP response during exercise testing is most indicative of poor LV function when SBP rises poorly?
• Breathing pattern characterized by absence of breathing.
• Which of the following is one of the anatomical landmarks used to assess chest wall motion with a tape measure?
• Which condition may restrict chest wall movement unilaterally?
• Which heart sound is associated with ventricular filling due to atrial contraction and heard late in diastole just before S1?
• What type of cough is associated with sore throat, runny nose, and runny eyes in the context of an acute lung infection?
• Which description best matches normal vesicular breath sounds?
• Palpation focusing on the lower lobes targets which lung regions?
• Tactile fremitus changes help differentiate chest pathologies. Which statement is correct?
• Which BP abnormality is described by an exaggerated rise in systolic BP during exertion?
• Which ECG finding suggests myocardial ischemia or infarction?
• What is the normal symmetric thorax rib angle?
• During bronchial breath sounds, which phase is slightly shorter?
• Which abnormal breath sound is described as 'snoring' and heard in larger airways?
• Describe S4 and the conditions that produce it.
• When interpreting an arterial blood gas with a primary respiratory disturbance, which values should you check first?
• Breathing pattern described as slow rate with shallow or normal depth and regular rhythm.
• Which description is most consistent with a cough preceding lobar pneumonia?
• Which BP response is defined by an exaggerated rise in systolic BP during exertion?
• Which of the following are red flags in a cardiopulmonary exam that require urgent evaluation?
• In palpation, which region is described by the phrase right middle lobe or lingular segments?
• What is the normal oxygen saturation range on room air?
• What abnormal breath sound is intermittent crackling or bubbling sounds, short duration?
• Which auscultation area corresponds to the mitral valve?
• For optimal JVP assessment, at what patient position should you evaluate?
• Which abnormal BP response refers to a drop in blood pressure after completing exercise?
• What type of cough worsens in supine position with dyspnea and is seen in heart failure or pulmonary edema?
• Bronchial breath sounds are heard in which location?
• Wheezes are associated with which underlying process?
• Which combination of symptoms qualifies as a red flag requiring urgent evaluation?
• Which anatomical landmark is specifically listed as a chest wall motion measurement site along with the sternal angle and xiphoid process?
• Which breathing technique is described by using expiration through nearly closed lips to maintain positive airway pressure?
• How can you distinguish asthma from COPD on exam or history?
• Which finding helps distinguish chest wall pain from cardiac pain?
• Which of the following is a risk factor for both cardiovascular and pulmonary disease?
• Which statement best describes S1 and S2 and their intensity?
• What is Erb's point best used for in auscultation?
• In a normal cardiopulmonary exam, which statement about JVP and edema is true?
• Which heart sound marks the end of ventricular systole?
• What percussion note changes suggest a pneumothorax vs a pleural effusion?
• Breathing pattern described as fast rate with shallow depth and regular rhythm; often linked to restrictive disease.
• What exam findings are common in pneumonia?
• Which cough descriptor best matches a persistent, minimally productive cough?
• Tracheal deviation during unilateral increases in lung volume on one side tends to shift which direction?
• How would you differentiate pleural effusion from pneumonia on exam?
• Hyperventilation causes arterial CO2 to do what?
• During graded exercise testing, which abnormal blood pressure response is defined by an excessive rise in systolic BP with a diastolic BP increase greater than 10 mmHg?
• What is the normal range for oxygen saturation and which factors can alter readings?
• In which patient population is an S3 considered a normal finding?
• Which condition is associated with a symmetrical decrease in chest wall motion?
• Which heart sound is described as a ventricular gallop and is commonly heard with LV dysfunction?
• HR should increase ______ to activity.
• In palpation, tracheal deviation occurs toward the side of the lesion when there is loss of lung volume on one side.
• Which abnormal BP response describes a BP pattern of a lower than expected increase during exercise, often due to beta-blocker medications?
• Which ABG pattern defines respiratory acidosis?
• S4 is commonly heard with which condition?
• What is typically seen during chest evaluation for patients with long standing COPD/emphysema?
• Which term describes a normal breathing pattern with regular rhythm?
• If a patient has volume overload with right-sided heart involvement, which JVP finding is most plausible?